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GB 36886-2018: Limits and measurement methods for exhaust smoke from non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine
GB 36886-2018
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13.040.50
Z 64
Limits and measurement methods for
exhaust smoke from non-road mobile
machinery equipped with diesel engine
ISSUED ON. SEPTEMBER 27, 2018
IMPLEMENTED ON. DECEMBER 01, 2018
Issued by. Ministry of Ecology and Environment;
State Administration for Market Regulation.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Normative references ... 5 
3 Terms and definitions ... 5 
4 Limit of exhaust smoke ... 6 
5 Testing methods ... 7 
6 Decision rules ... 8 
7 Management requirements ... 8 
8 Requirements of testing instruments ... 9 
9 Requirements of testing fuel ... 9 
10 Testing report ... 9 
Appendix A (Normative) Testing report ... 10 
Appendix B (Normative) Ringelmann smoke method ... 13 
Foreword
In order to implement the "Environmental protection law of the People's
Republic of China" and the "Air pollution control law of the People's Republic of
China", to prevent and control the environmental pollution caused by particulate
matter discharged from non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel
engines, this standard is hereby formulated.
This standard specifies the limits and measurement methods for exhaust
smoke from non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine. This
standard applies to the testing of the exhaust smoke from non-road mobile
machinery equipped with diesel engine and on-board diesel equipment. The
inspection of the exhaust smoke from the newly-produced and imported non-
road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine may make reference to this
standard.
This standard refers to and adopts the relevant technical contents of the
European Commission Directive 77/537/EEC “Directive on the approximation
of the laws of the member States relating to the measures to be taken against
the emission of pollutants from diesel engines for use in wheeled agricultural or
forestry tractors” and GB 3847 “Limits and measurement methods for emissions
form diesel vehicles under free acceleration and lugdown cycle”.
Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are normative appendixes.
This standard is the first release.
This standard was formulated under the organization of the Department of
Atmospheric Environment, Department of Regulations and Standards of the
Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
Main drafting organizations of this standard. Beijing Institute of Technology,
Jinan Automobile Testing Center Co., Ltd.
This standard was approved by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on
September 27, 2018.
This standard shall be implemented since December 01, 2018.
From the date of implementation of this standard, all relevant local standards
shall be abolished.
For this standard, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment is responsible for
the interpretation.
Limits and measurement methods for
exhaust smoke from non-road mobile
machinery equipped with diesel engine
1 Scope
This standard specifies the limits and measurement methods for exhaust
smoke from non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine and
onboard diesel equipment.
This standard applies to the testing of the exhaust smoke from non-road mobile
machinery equipped with diesel engine and on-board diesel equipment. The
inspection of the exhaust smoke from the newly-produced and imported non-
road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine may make reference to this
standard.
This standard applies to the following (including but not limited to) non-road
mobile machinery equipped with diesel engines which is operated at non-
constant speeds.
- Construction machinery (including loaders, excavators, bulldozers, road
rollers, asphalt pavers, forklifts, off-highway trucks, etc.);
- Agricultural machinery;
- Forestry machinery;
- Material handling machinery;
- Industrial drilling exploration equipment;
- Snow plow equipment;
- Airport ground service equipment.
This standard applies to the following (including but not limited to) non-road
mobile machinery equipped with diesel engines which is operated at constant
speed.
- Air compressor;
- Power generator set;
quickly, continuously, but not violently step down the accelerator pedal to the
utmost position, to make the fuel injection pump supply the maximum amount
of oil. Before releasing the accelerator pedal, the engine shall reach the cutoff-
point-speed (the engine that uses manual or other means to control the fuel
supply amount is operated in a similar manner), it shall make testing in the
measuring process.
5.2 Testing method of smoke
5.2.1 Opacity smoke method
Use the smoke opacimeter to continuously measure the coefficient of light
adsorption of the exhaust from the non-road mobile machinery equipped with
diesel engines, under the operating conditions of 5.1. The sampling frequency
shall be not lower than 1 Hz. Take the maximum reading of the opacimeter in
the measuring process as the measuring result.
The installation and use of the opacimeter shall meet the requirements of GB
3847.
5.2.2 Ringelmann smoke method
For the non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engines, use the
Ringelmann smoke method specified in Appendix B to continuously observe
the exhaust smoke under the measurement conditions as described in 5.1. Take
the maximum observed value of the Ringelmann smoke as the measurement
result of the exhaust smoke. In the testing process, it may use such means as
video, camera or law-enforcement recorder to obtain the testing results of
smoke.
6 Decision rules
6.1 If the Lingerman smoke of the non-road mobile machinery equipped with
diesel engine exceeds the standard, the exhaust smoke testing is judged to be
unqualified.
6.2 For non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine qualified by
Ringelmann smoke testing, the competent department of ecology and
environment may continue to use the opacity smoke method to conduct on-site
testing of the exhaust smoke. If the exhaust smoke meets the requirements of
clause 4.1, it is qualified. Otherwise, it is unqualified.
7 Management requirements
7.1 The manufacturing enterprise shall, in accordance with the requirements of
Appendix B
(Normative)
Ringelmann smoke method
B.1 General requirements
This Appendix specifies the Ringelmann smoke method for determining the
exhaust smoke of non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engines,
including the location and conditions of observation, methods of observation,
calculation methods, specifications of the standard Ringelmann smoke chart,
technical requirements of Ringelmann smokemeter.
B.2 Terms and definitions
B.2.1 Plume
Airflow which is exhausted from the vent of non-road mobile machinery
equipped with diesel engines.
B.2.2 Ringelmann number
A value for evaluating the blackness of the plume, which is obtained by
comparing the observed blackness of the plume with the Ringelmann smoke
chart.
B.2.3 Ringelmann smoke chart
The standard Ringelmann smoke chart consists of 14 cm × 21 cm pictures of
different numbers, except that the all-white and all-black represent Ringelmann
number 0 and 5 respectively, the rest 4 numbers are determined according to
the percentage of the area of the black-line to all-area, wherein the number 1
represents that the percentage of the area of black-line is 20%, the number 2
represents that the ...