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GB 18384-2020: Electric vehicles safety requirements
GB 18384-2020
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.020
T 40
Replacing GB/T 18384.1-2015, GB/T 18384.2-2015, GB/T 18384.3-2015
Electric vehicles safety requirements
ISSUED ON: MAY 12, 2020
IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 01, 2021
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
Introduction ... 5 
1 Scope ... 6 
2 Normative references ... 6 
3 Terms and definitions ... 7 
4 Voltage class ... 7 
5 Safety requirements ... 8 
5.1 Requirements for protection of persons against electric shock ... 8 
5.2 Requirements for functional safety protection ... 14 
5.3 Requirements for traction battery ... 16 
5.4 Requirements for collision protection of vehicles ... 16 
5.5 Requirements for flame-retardant protection of vehicles ... 17 
5.6 Requirements for vehicle charging interface ... 17 
5.7 Requirements for vehicle alarm and prompt ... 17 
5.8 Requirements for vehicle event data recording ... 17 
5.9 Requirements for electromagnetic compatibility ... 17 
6 Test methods ... 17 
6.1 Protection against direct contact ... 17 
6.2 Protection against indirect contact ... 18 
6.3 Waterproof of the whole vehicle ... 25 
6.4 Functional safety protection ... 25 
7 Date of implementation ... 25 
Appendix A (Normative) Method for verifying waterproof performance of class
B voltage components ... 26 
Bibliography ... 28 
Electric vehicles safety requirements
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the safety requirements and test methods for electric
vehicles.
This Standard applies to electric vehicles whose maximum working voltage of
the on-board drive system is class B voltage.
This Standard does not apply to road vehicles, which are continuously
connected to the grid during driving.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For the dated references, only the editions with the dates indicated are
applicable to this document. For the undated references, the latest edition
(including all the amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB/T 4094.2 Electric vehicles - Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales
GB 7258-2017 Technical specifications for safety of power-driven vehicles
operating on roads
GB 8410 Flammability of automotive interior materials
GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB 11551 The protection of the occupants in the event of a frontal collision
for motor vehicle
GB 17354 Front and rear protective devices for passenger cars
GB/T 18387 Limits and test method of magnetic and electric field strength
from electric vehicles
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 19836 Instrumentation for electric vehicles
GB 20071 The protection of the occupants in the event of a lateral collision
GB/T 20234.1 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles -
b) The high-voltage connector requires at least two different actions to
separate it from the mutual docking ends. The high-voltage connector has
a mechanical locking relationship with some other mechanism. Before the
high-voltage connector is opened, the locking mechanism can only be
opened by using tools; or
c) After the high-voltage connector is separated, the voltage of the live part
of the connector can, within 1 s, be reduced to not more than 30 V (a.c.)
(rms) and not more than 60 V (d.c.).
5.1.3.4 Requirements for high-voltage service disconnect
For vehicles equipped with a high-voltage service disconnect, the high-voltage
service disconnect shall not be opened or pulled out without tools, except for
the following two cases:
a) After the high-voltage service disconnect is opened or pulled out, the live
part of the class B voltage meets the requirements for degree of protection
of IPXXB specified in GB/T 4208-2017; or
b) Within 1 s after separation, the voltage of the live part of the class B
voltage of the high-voltage service disconnect drops to not more than 30
V (a.c.) (rms) and not more than 60 V (d.c.)
5.1.3.5 Requirements for charging socket
When the vehicle charging socket and the vehicle charging plug are
disconnected, the vehicle charging socket shall meet at least one of the
following requirements:
a) Within 1 s after disconnection, the voltage of the live part of the class B
voltage of the charging socket drops to no more than 30 V (a.c.) (rms) and
no more than 60 V (d.c.); or the total energy stored in the circuit is less
than 0.2 J; or
b) When meeting the requirements for degree of protection of IPXXB
specified in GB/T 4208-2017 and within 1 min, the voltage of the live part
of the class B voltage of the charging socket drops to no more than 30 V
(a.c.) (rms) and no more than 60 V (d.c.); or the total energy stored in the
circuit is less than 0.2 J.
5.1.4 Requirements for protection against indirect contact
5.1.4.1 Requirements for insulation resistance
Under the maximum working voltage, the insulation resistance of the d.c. circuit
insulation resistance value is less than the threshold specified by the
manufacturer, the driver shall be reminded by an obvious tell-tale (for example:
acoustic or optical signal). The threshold specified by the manufacturer shall
not be lower than that required by 5.1.4.1.
5.1.4.3 Requirements for potential equalization
Exposed conductive parts for protection against direct contact with class B
voltage circuits, such as conductive enclosures and barriers, shall be
conductively connected to the electric platform; and, meet the following
requirements:
a) The connection impedance between the exposed conductive part and the
electric platform shall not be greater than 0.1 Ω;
b) In the potential equalization path, any two exposed conductive parts which
can be touched by a person at the same time, that is, the resistance
between two conductive parts whose distance is not more than 2.5 m shall
not be greater than 0.2 Ω.
If a soldered connection is used, it is considered to meet the above
requirements.
5.1.4.4 Requirements for capacitive coupling
Capacitive coupling shall meet at least one of the following requirements:
a) In class B voltage circuit, the energy stored in the total capacitance
between any class B voltage live part and the electric platform, at its
maximum working voltage, shall not be greater than 0.2 J. 0.2 J is the
maximum storage energy requirement for the Y capacitor on the positive
side or the Y capacitor on the negative side of the class B voltage circuit.
In addition, if there are class B voltage circuits isolated from each other,
then 0.2 J is a separate requirement for each circuit isolated from each
other. Or
b) Class B voltage circuits have at least two insulation layers, barriers, or
enclosures; or are arranged in the enclosure or behind the barrier. These
enclosures or barriers shall be able to withstand a pressure of not less
than 10 kPa, without obvious plastic deformation.
5.1.4.5 Requirements for charging socket
5.1.4.5.1 Vehicle’s a.c. charging socket
The vehicle’s a.c. charging socket shall have terminals to connect the electric
From the power-off state of the drive system to the "drivable mode", the vehicle
shall go through at least two consciously different actions. At least one action is
to press the brake pedal.
Only one action is required from the "drivable mode" to the...