GB/T 15227-2019 English PDF (GBT15227-2019)

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GB/T 15227-2019: Test method of air permeability, water tightness, wind load resistance performance for curtain walls
GB/T 15227-2019
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 91.060.10
P 32
Replacing GB/T 15227-2007
Test method of air permeability, watertightness, wind load
resistance performance for curtain walls
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 10, 2019
IMPLEMENTED ON: NOVEMBER 01, 2020
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation.
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 General requirements ... 8
5 Testing principle ... 10
6 Testing device ... 10
7 Specimens and installation ... 12
8 Air permeability performance testing ... 13
9 Watertightness performance testing ... 18
10 Testing of wind pressure resistance performance ... 21
11 Testing report ... 28
Appendix A (Informative) Calibration method of air flow measurement system ... 30
Appendix B (Informative) Calibration method of sprinkler system ... 33
Appendix C (Informative) Example of displacement meter arrangement for typical
curtain wall ... 35
Appendix D (Informative) Testing report of air permeability, watertightness, wind
pressure resistance performance of building curtain wall ... 39
Test method of air permeability, watertightness, wind load
resistance performance for curtain walls
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, general requirements, testing
principles, testing devices, specimens and installation, air permeability performance
testing, water tightness performance testing, wind pressure resistance performance
testing of building curtain walls, as well as the test reports.
This standard is applicable to laboratory testing of air permeability, water tightness,
wind pressure resistance of building curtain walls. The testing objects are limited to the
curtain wall specimen itself, as well as its connection structure with other structures.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document;
for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is
applicable to this standard.
GB/T 31433 General specification for building curtain walls, windows and doors
GB/T 34327 Terminology for curtain wall
GB 50178 Standard of climatic regionalization for architecture
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions, which are defined in GB/T 34327, as well as the following
terms and definitions, apply to this document.
3.1
Standard condition
The test conditions where the air temperature is 293 K (20 °C), the atmospheric
pressure is 101.3 kPa (760 mm Hg), the air density is 1.202 kg/m3.
3.2
a) The wind speed at the highest point of the specimen is greater than 5 m/s during
testing;
b) When rain, snow, etc. affect the test results.
4.3 The order of grade testing should be carried out, in the order of air permeability and
wind pressure deformation resistance p1, watertightness and wind pressure resistance
repeated pressurization p2, design wind load standard value of wind pressure resistance
product p3, design wind load value of wind pressure resistance product pmax. The order
of engineering testing should be carried out, in the order of air permeability and wind
pressure deformation resistance p1', watertightness and wind pressure resistance
repeated pressurization p2', wind load standard value p3', wind load design value pmax'.
4.4 When there are air permeability performance requirements for the back of the open
curtain wall, the air leakage per unit area of the specimen, including the back, is used
as the grading index; when conducting wind pressure resistance performance testing,
flexible sealing materials shall be used to seal the gaps in the open curtain wall panels,
before testing.
4.5 The air permeability performance of a double-layer curtain wall is graded, based on
its overall air permeability performance index. The watertightness performance of a
double-layer curtain wall is graded, based on the watertightness performance index of
the first layer of curtain wall, which has watertight requirements. For the wind pressure
resistance of a double-layer curtain wall, the inner layer and outer layer are tested and
graded, respectively.
Note: When one layer of the double-layer curtain wall is an open curtain wall, the area of the
other layer of curtain wall and the openable joint length are used for the calculation of air
permeability testing. When both layers of curtain wall have air permeability, the area of the
outer curtain wall and the openable joint length are used for calculation.
4.6 Watertight performance testing is divided into stable pressurization method and
fluctuating pressurization method. For engineering testing in tropical storm and
typhoon areas, the fluctuating pressure method shall be used. For grade testing and
engineering testing in non-tropical storm and typhoon areas, the stable pressurization
method can be used. Once the fluctuating pressurization testing has been carried out,
the steady pressurization testing can no longer be carried out. The division of tropical
storm and typhoon areas shall be carried out, in accordance with the provisions of GB
50178. The maximum testing pressure peak value of watertightness performance shall
not be greater than the wind pressure safety testing pressure value.
4.7 Necessary safety protection measures shall be taken during testing.
Note: Safety protection includes protection of personnel and protection of instruments and
equipment.
Figure 1 -- Schematic diagram of testing device
6.2 Requirements
6.2.1 The opening size of the pressure box shall be able to meet the installation
requirements of the specimen. The box shall be able to withstand the pressure difference,
that may occur during the testing process.
6.2.2 The pressure box shall have good sealing performance; it shall not affect the water
tightness of the observed specimen, which is taken as a minimum requirement.
6.2.3 The installation cross frame, which supports the curtain wall, shall be fixed on a
supporting structure, which has sufficient rigidity and strength. Under the maximum
test pressure difference, the deflection value of the installation cross frame shall not
exceed 1/1000 of its length AND shall not exceed 5 mm. During the test process, it shall
be ensured that the specimen is installed firmly; it shall not be tilted or deformed. At
the same time, it shall ensure the normal use of the openable part of the specimen.
6.2.4 The air supply equipment shall have the ability to exert positive and negative two-
way pressure differences. The pressure control device shall be able to adjust a stable air
flow; AND be able to stably provide fluctuating wind pressure, at a period of 3 s ~ 5 s.
The peak value and trough value of the fluctuating wind pressure shall meet the testing
requirements. The air supply volume and pressure control capability shall meet the
requirements of Chapter 8, Chapter 9, Chapter 10.
6.2.5 The spray device shall be able to spray evenly onto the outdoor surface of the
specimen, at a spray volume of not less than 4 L/(m2·min). The nozzles shall be evenly
arranged; the distance between each nozzle and the specimen should be equal. The
water spray volume shall be adjustable; measures shall be taken to ensure the uniformity
of the water spray volume.
6.2.6 The measuring device shall m...