GB/T 510-2018 English PDF (GBT510-2018)

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GB/T 510-2018: Determination of solidification point for petroleum products
GB/T 510-2018
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 75.080
E 30
Replacing GB/T 510-1983
Determination of solidification point for petroleum
products
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 28, 2018
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 01, 2019
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Normative references ... 4 
3 Terms and definitions ... 4 
4 Method summary ... 5 
5 Reagents and materials ... 5 
6 Instruments ... 5 
7 Sampling ... 6 
8 Test preparation ... 6 
9 Test procedure ... 8 
10 Report of results ... 9 
11 Precision and deviation ... 10 
Determination of solidification point for petroleum
products
Warning - Personnel using this standard shall have practical experience
in formal laboratory work. This standard does not point out all possible
safety issues. The user is responsible for taking appropriate safety and
health measures AND ensuring compliance with the conditions, which are
stipulated by relevant national laws and regulations.
1 Scope
This standard specifies the method for determining the solidification point of
petroleum products.
This standard applies to petroleum products, such as liquid fuels (such as diesel
and biodiesel blended fuels) and lubricants. The automatic micro-solidification
point tester, in this standard, is only applicable to the determination of diesel
distillate samples without additives.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) is applicable to this standard.
GB/T 514-2005 Specification for liquid-in-glass thermometers for testing of
petroleum products
GB/T 4756 Method for manual sampling of petroleum liquids
GB/T 6683 Petroleum products - Determination of precision data in relation
to methods of test
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Solidification point
The highest temperature, at which the liquid level stops moving, when the
sample is cooled, under specified conditions, expressed in °C.
4 Method summary
Contain the specimen in the specified test tube. Cool it to the expected
temperature. Tilt the test tube to 45°, from the horizontal. Let it stand for 1 min.
Observe whether the liquid level moves. The highest temperature, at which the
liquid level does not move, is used as the solidification point of the specimen.
5 Reagents and materials
5.1 Reagents
5.1.1 Anhydrous ethanol: Chemically pure.
5.1.2 Anhydrous sodium sulfate: Chemically pure.
5.1.3 Anhydrous calcium chloride: Chemically pure.
5.2 Material
5.2.1 Coolant or material: Industrial ethanol, dry ice or liquid nitrogen, etc., OR
any other liquid or material, which can cool the sample to the temperature,
which is specified in the test. Compressor refrigeration or semiconductor
refrigeration equipment can also be used.
5.2.2 Filter paper: Qualitative filter paper.
5.2.3 Table salt: Coarse table salt.
5.2.4 Absorbent cotton.
6 Instruments
6.1 Manual solidification point tester
6.1.1 Test tube: Transparent glass test tube, with round bottom; the height is
160 mm ± 10 mm; the inner diameter is 20 mm ± 1 mm; there is a circular
marking on the outer wall, 30 mm from the bottom of the test tube; there is a
plug, which can be inserted into the thermometer.
6.1.2 Casing: Glass casing, with round bottom; the height is 130 mm ± 10 mm;
the inner diameter is 40 mm ± 2 mm; it is able to fix the test tube vertically, in
the middle of the casing.
9 Test procedure
9.1 Manual instrument
9.1.1 When the temperature of the specimen reaches 50 °C ± 1 °C, take out
the test tube, which contains the specimen and thermometer, from the water
bath. Wipe dry the outer wall of the test tube. Put the test tube firmly into the
casing. It shall ensure that the distance between the outer wall of the test tube
and the inner wall of the case is equal.
9.1.2 Fix the casing and test tube assembly, vertically on the bracket. Let it
stand, at room temperature, until the specimen is cooled to 35 °C ± 5 °C. Then
immerse the assembly in the prepared cooling bath. The temperature of the
cooling bath shall be 7 °C ~ 8 °C lower than the expected solidification point of
the specimen. The depth of the casing and test tube assembly, which is
immersed in the coolant, shall not be less than 70 mm.
9.1.3 When the temperature of the specimen is cooled to the expected
solidification point, tilt the sleeve and test tube assembly, which is immersed in
the cooling bath, to 45° from the horizontal. Keep it for 1 min. At this time, the
specimen in it is still required to be immersed in the coolant.
9.1.4 Carefully remove the casing and test tube assembly, from the cooling bath.
Use absolute ethanol to quickly wipe the outer wall of the sleeve. Place it
vertically. Observe, through the casing, whether the liquid level in the test tube
shows signs of movement.
Note: When measuring the specimen, which has a solidification point lower than 0 °C,
in order to facilitate observation, it may inject 1 mL ~ 2 mL of absolute ethanol, into the
bottom of the casing, before the test.
9.1.5 When the position of the specimen liquid level moves, take out the test
tube from the casing. Reheat the test tube, until the specimen reaches 50 °C ±
1 °C. Then use a temperature, which is 4 °C lower than the previous test
temperature OR other lower temperature, to make measurement again, until a
certain test temperature can stop the liquid level of the specimen from moving.
Note: When the test temperature is lower than -20 °C, put the test tube, which contains
the specimen and thermometer, at room temperature, before re-measurement. Wait
for the temperature of the specimen to rise to -20 °C; then immerse the test tube in a
water bath for heating.
9.1.6 When the position of the specimen liquid level does not move, take out
the test tube from the casing. Reheat the test tube, until the specimen reaches
50 °C ± 1 °C. Then use a temperature, which is 4 °C higher than the previous
test temperature OR other higher temperature, to make measurement again,
until a certain test temperature can cause the specimen liquid level to move.
9.1.7 After finding the temperature range of the solidification point (that is, the
temperature range, in which the liquid level changes from moving to not moving
OR not moving to moving), select a temperature, which is 2 °C lower than the
temperature, at which the specimen can move, OR a temperature, which is 2 °C
higher than the temperature, at which the specimen cannot move, to carry out
test again. Repeat the test in this way, until it is determined that, a certain test
temperature can stop the movement of the specimen liquid level, whilst
increasing 2 °C can make the specimen liquid level move again. Take the
temperature, at which the specimen liquid level does not move, as the
solidification point of the specimen.
9.1.8 If it is necessary to check whether the solidification point of the specimen
meets the specification value, the test shall be carried out, at 1 °C higher than
the specification value. At this time, if the specimen liquid level can move, it is
considered that, the s...