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GB/T 38659.1-2020 English PDF (GBT38659.1-2020)

GB/T 38659.1-2020 English PDF (GBT38659.1-2020)

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GB/T 38659.1-2020: Electromagnetic compatibility -- Risk assessment -- Part 1: Electronic and electrical device
GB/T 38659.1-2020
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 33.100
L 06
Electromagnetic Compatibility - Risk Assessment -
Part 1: Electronic and Electrical Device
ISSUED ON: MARCH 31, 2020
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 1, 2020
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Normative References ... 4 
3 Terms and Definitions ... 5 
4 Overview ... 8 
5 Objective of EMC Risk Assessment ... 9 
6 Mechanism and Model of EMC Risk Assessment ... 9 
7 Influence Level of Risk Elements and Risk Classification ... 28 
8 Risk Assessment Unit Division ... 33 
9 EMC Risk Assessment Procedures ... 34 
10 EMC Risk Identification ... 36 
11 EMC Risk Analysis ... 39 
12 EMC Risk Assessment ... 57 
13 Determination and Result Application of Complete-machine EMC Risk Level
... 60 
14 Requirements for Risk Assessment Report ... 62 
Appendix A (informative) Example of Electromagnetic Compatibility Risk
Assessment ... 63 
Appendix B (informative) Example of Attribute Division of Schematic Circuit
Diagram ... 70 
Bibliography ... 71 
Electromagnetic Compatibility - Risk Assessment -
Part 1: Electronic and Electrical Device
1 Scope
This Part of GB/T 38659 provides an overview, objective, mechanism and model of
electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) risk assessment for electronic and electrical
devices, as well as the influence level of risk elements and risk classification, product
risk assessment unit division, EMC risk assessment procedures, EMC risk
identification, EMC risk analysis, EMC risk assessment, complete-machine EMC risk
level determination and result application, and requirements for risk assessment report.
This Part is applicable to electromagnetic compatibility risk assessment of electronic
and electrical devices.
This Part combines factors, such as: product’s mechanical architecture design, circuit
board design and type of application site, to provide guidance for the risk assessment
of product’s electromagnetic compatibility design.
2 Normative References
The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In
terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are
applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest
version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 4365 Electrotechnical Terminology - Electromagnetic Compatibility
GB 4943.1-2011 Information Technology Equipment - Safety - Part 1: General
Requirements
GB/T 6113.201-2018 Specification for Radio Disturbance and Immunity Measuring
Apparatus and Methods - Part 2-1: Methods of Measurement of Disturbances and
Immunity - Conducted Disturbance Measurements
GB/Z 18039.1-2019 Electromagnetic Compatibility - Environment - Description and
Classification of Electromagnetic Environments
GB/T 18655-2018 Vehicles, Boats and Internal Combustion Engines - Radio
Disturbance Characteristics - Limits and Methods of Measurement for the Protection
of On-board Receivers
GB/T 23694 Risk Management - Vocabulary
GB/Z 37150 Guide of Risk Assessment of EMC Reliability
3 Terms and Definitions
What is defined in GB/T 4365, GB/T 23694 and GB/Z 37150, and the following terms
and definitions are applicable to this document.
3.1 Electromagnetic Compatibility Risk
Electromagnetic compatibility risk refers to the probability of electromagnetic
compatibility problems caused by product design. In the test environment, it is the
probability of failing the electromagnetic compatibility test.
3.2 Risk Assessment Value
Risk assessment value refers to the value obtained by qualitative and quantitative
methods and used to express the magnitude of risks. It is usually between 0 ~ 100.
3.3 Electronic and Electrical Equipment
Electronic and electrical equipment refers to equipment manufactured by electronic
technology and that relies on electric current or electromagnetic field to work normally,
and equipment that can generate, transmit and measure current and electromagnetic
field.
NOTE 1: the design AC voltage of the equipment does not exceed 1,000 V; the design DC
voltage does not exceed 1,500 V.
NOTE 2: in accordance with the CISPR product classification, the following equipment
belongs to electronic and electrical equipment: engineering medical equipment,
multi-media equipment, household appliances, automotive electronic
components, etc.
3.4 Common-mode Current
Common-mode current refers to the vector sum of currents on two or more wires
passing through a specified “geometric” cross section.
[GB/T 6113.201-2018, Definition 3.1.14]
3.5 Common-mode Interference
Common-mode interference refers to electromagnetic interference (in the same
direction) caused by the common-mode voltage of the interference voltage on the
signal line and its return line (generally known as signal ground line).
electric conductors, such as: wires, coils and casings, and among certain components.
NOTE: although its value is small, it is an important cause for common-mode interference.
3.12 High-speed Signal
For digital signal, high-speed signal is determined by the edge speed of the signal.
Generally speaking, the signal rise / fall time is less than 4 times the signal transmission
delay.
3.13 “Dirty” Signal / Electrical Circuit
“Dirty” signal / electrical circuit refers to signal / electrical circuit that contains signals
or parts and components that are easily injected by external interference or generate
electromagnetic emissions.
NOTE: for example, signal lines and parts and components that are interconnected with
input and output (I/O) cables and are in front of the filter circuit; signal lines of
electrostatic discharge (ESD) breakdown discharge that are applied to the surface
of the product shell.
3.14 “Clean” Signal / Electrical Circuit
“Clean” signal / electrical circuit refers to signal / electrical circuit that contains signals
or parts and components that are neither susceptible to interference nor generate
significant electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise.
3.15 Special Signal / Electrical Circuit
Special signal / electrical circuit refers to signal / electrical circuit that contains signals
or parts and components that require special processing due to EMC performance.
NOTE: it is divided into special noise signal / electrical circuit and special sensitive signal
/ electrical circuit.
3.16 Noise Signal / Electrical Circuit
Noise signal / electrical circuit refers to signal / electrical circuit that contains signals or
parts and components that would easily generate electromagnetic emission
disturbance in the field of electromagnetic compatibility.
NOTE: for example, clock signal line, pulse width modulation (PWM) signal line and crystal
oscillator, etc.
3.17 Sensitive Signal / Electrical Circuit
Sensitive signal / electrical circuit refers to signal / electrical circuit that contains signals
and parts and components that are susceptible to electromagnetic interference in the
The 19 main EMC risk elements are provided, which may be used as the key elements
in the implementation of product testing and certification to determine whether EMC
testing and assessment needs to be re-conducted after a change of product design.
5 Objective of EMC Risk Assessment

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