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GB/T 19120-2015 English PDF (GBT19120-2015)

GB/T 19120-2015 English PDF (GBT19120-2015)

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GB/T 19120-2015: Tri-wheel vehicles and low-speed goods vehicles -- Braking system -- Structure, performance and test methods
GB/T 19120-2015
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 65.060
T 54
Replacing GB/T 19120-2003
Tri-wheel Vehicles and Low-speed Goods Vehicles -
Braking System - Structure, Performance and Test
Methods
ISSUED ON: MAY 15, 2015
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 1, 2015
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 5 
2 Normative References ... 5 
3 Terms and Definitions ... 5 
4 Structural Requirements ... 7 
5 Performance Requirements ... 12 
6 Test Methods ... 18 
Tri-wheel Vehicles and Low-speed Goods Vehicles -
Braking System - Structure, Performance and Test
Methods
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the structural requirements, performance requirements and
test methods of the braking system of tri-wheel vehicles and low-speed goods vehicles.
This Standard is applicable to the braking system of tri-wheel vehicles and low-speed
goods vehicles (collectively referred to as low-speed vehicles).
2 Normative References
The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In
terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are
applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest
version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 5345 Road Vehicles - Labelling of Containers for Petroleum-based or Non-
petroleum-based Brake Fluid
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this document.
3.1 Braking Device
Braking device refers to a combination of parts and components that gradually
decelerate a moving low-speed vehicle, or, stop a moving low-speed vehicle, or,
maintain a stopped low-speed vehicle in a stationary state. Its functions are described
in 4.1.6. This device is constituted of control device, energy transmission device and
brake.
3.2 Control Device
Control device refers to a component directly driven by the driver to provide the energy
transmission device with the energy required to brake or control a low-speed vehicle.
This energy may be the energy of the driver’s muscle contraction or other energies
from the driver’s control, or, a combination of these energies.
3.12 Maximum Design Total Mass
Maximum design total mass refers to the maximum mass specified by the
manufacturer of tri-wheel vehicles or low-speed goods vehicles.
4 Structural Requirements
4.1 Basic Requirements
4.1.1 The design, manufacture and assembly of the braking device shall ensure that
low-speed vehicle can satisfy the requirements of this Standard under normal
conditions of use, no matter what vibration it is subjected to.
4.1.2 The design, manufacture and assembly of the braking device shall ensure that
the exposed part is resistant to corrosion and aging in the environment of normal use.
4.1.3 The brake linings shall not contain asbestos.
4.1.4 The various rod pieces of the braking system are not allowed to interfere or
friction with other parts in relative displacement, so as to prevent deformation and
damage of the rod pieces.
4.1.5 The braking line shall be a special-purpose corrosion-resistant high-pressure line.
The installation of braking lines shall ensure that they have good continuity, sufficient
length and flexibility to adapt to the normal movement required by the parts connected
to them without causing any damage. They shall have proper safety protection, so as
to avoid scratches, entanglement or other mechanical damages. Meanwhile, avoid
installation in places where they might come into contact with low-speed vehicle
exhaust pipes or any high-temperature sources. The flexible brake hoses are not
allowed to interfere with other parts, and shall not manifest any phenomena of aging,
cracking or flattened, etc. When other pneumatic devices fail, they are not allowed to
affect the normal operation of the braking system.
4.1.6 The braking device shall be equipped with the following functions:
a) Service braking: regardless of the speed, load, uphill and downhill, the service
braking system shall be able to control the low-speed vehicle to safely and
effectively decelerate and stop during the process of driving; service braking
shall be controllable; it shall ensure that the driver can brake with both hands
on his seat without leaving the steering wheel (handle).
b) Emergency braking (except for tri-wheel vehicles): emergency braking may
be a service braking system with emergency characteristics, or a system
separated from the service braking; the control device may be combined with
the control device of service braking, or, it may be combined with the control
device of parking braking. Emergency braking shall stop the low-speed
emergency braking system or the part of the service braking system not
affected by the failure shall be able to stop the low-speed vehicle in
accordance with the requirements of emergency braking.
f) When the service braking system and the emergency braking system share
the same control design and the same energy transmission device:
---If the service braking system is operated by the driver with his physical
strength, and is assisted by one or several energy storage devices, even
when the assist fails, it can still ensure the implementation of emergency
braking through the driver’s physical strength and the energy that is not
affected by the failure, and the force acting on the control device shall not
exceed the specified maximum value.
---If the braking force of the service braking system and energy transmission
are merely provided by the energy storage device controlled by the driver,
then, there shall be at least two completely independent energy storage
devices; each energy storage device shall have an independent energy
transmission device, which shall function on two or more wheel brakes.
The selection shall enable the low-speed vehicle to achieve the specified
emergency braking efficiency without affecting the stability of the low-
speed vehicle during the braking process. In addition, each energy storage
device shall be installed with the alarm device specified in 4.2.12.
g) For certain parts of the braking device, such as: the brake pedal and its
bracket, the master brake cylinder and its piston, the master brake valve, the
brake chamber, the wheel cylinder and its piston, and the connecting rod
pieces between them, as well as the brake lever of a tri-wheel vehicle and its
intermediate shaft shall be considered as parts that are not prone to failure.
These parts shall be large enough in size, easy to access for maintenance,
and at least have the same safety features as other important parts (for
example, steering rod system) of the low-speed vehicle. If the failure of these
parts and components would cause the low-speed vehicle to fail to meet the
specified performance of emergency braking, then, these parts and
components shall all be made of metal materials or materials with equivalent
performance as the metal materials. In addition, in the normal operation of the
braking device, no obvious deformation shall be generated.
4.2.3 When the control devices of the service braking system and the emergency
braking system are mutually independent, when the two sets of braking devices are
normally working, or one of them is not properl...
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