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GB/T 43252-2023 English PDF (GBT43252-2023)
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GB/T 43252-2023: Test methods of energy consumption and range for fuel cell electric vehicles
GB/T 43252-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.120
CCS T 47
Test methods of energy consumption and range for fuel cell
electric vehicles
ISSUED ON: NOVEMBER 27, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: NOVEMBER 27, 2023
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Measurement parameter, unit, accuracy and resolution ... 5
5 Test conditions ... 5
5.1 Test vehicle conditions ... 5
5.2 Ambient temperature conditions and vehicle immersion requirements ... 6
5.3 Driving mode selection ... 6
5.4 Vehicle load setting ... 6
5.5 Test tolerance requirements ... 6
6 Classification of test vehicles ... 8
7 Test methods ... 8
7.1 Shortening method ... 8
7.2 Run-through method ... 10
Appendix A (Normative) Hydrogenation technical specifications ... 13
A.1 Hydrogenation before vehicle testing ... 13
A.2 Hydrogenation after vehicle testing ... 14
A.3 Measurement of internal pressure of hydrogen tank after vehicle test ... 14
Appendix B (Normative) Type-A vehicle data processing method ... 16
B.1 Energy change of REESS ... 16
B.2 Hydrogen consumption ... 16
B.3 Vehicle driving range ... 16
B.4 Data processing requirements ... 17
Appendix C (Normative) Type-B vehicle data processing method ... 18
C.1 Fuel cell vehicle power system structure diagram ... 18
C.2 Test data processing for externally rechargeable fuel cell electric vehicles ... 19
C.3 Test data processing for non-externally rechargeable fuel cell electric vehicles ... 21
C.4 Data processing requirements ... 23
Bibliography ... 24
Test methods of energy consumption and range for fuel cell
electric vehicles
1 Scope
This document describes the test method for measuring the energy consumption and
range for fuel cell electric vehicles on a chassis dynamometer.
This document applies to Category-M and Category-N fuel cell electric vehicles
(hereinafter referred to as “vehicles”) that use compressed gaseous hydrogen.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of
their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the
version corresponding to that date is applicable to this document; for undated references,
the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 8170, Rules of rounding off for numerical values and expression and judgment
of limiting values
GB 18352.6-2016, Limits and measurement methods for emissions from light-duty
vehicles (CHINA 6)
GB/T 18386.1-2021, Test methods for energy consumption and range of electric
vehicles - Part 1: Light-duty vehicles
GB/T 18386.2-2022, Test methods for energy consumption and range of electric
vehicles - Part 2: Heavy-duty commercial vehicles
GB/T 24548, Fuel cell electric vehicles - Terminology
GB/T 27840-2021, Fuel consumption test methods for heavy-duty commercial
vehicles
GB/T 37244, Fuel specification for proton exchange membrane fuel cell vehicles -
Hydrogen
GB/T 38146.1, China automotive test cycle - Part 1: Light-duty vehicles
GB/T 38146.2, China automotive test cycle - Part 2: Heavy-duty commercial
vehicles
-- Make the viscosity of the lubricating oil for mechanical moving parts and the tire
pressure comply with the regulations of the vehicle manufacturer;
-- Run-in the transmission system and tires according to the requirements of the vehicle
manufacturer's instructions, and drive at least 300 km using the fuel cell power
system installed on the test vehicle;
-- Except for the equipment necessary for testing and the daily operating parts of the
vehicle, turn off the lighting devices and auxiliary devices that use electricity on the
vehicle;
-- Make the fuel used in the vehicle complies with the provisions of GB/T 37244.
5.2 Ambient temperature conditions and vehicle immersion requirements
The laboratory temperature shall be set to 23 °C with an allowable deviation of ±5 °C.
The temperature in the immersion area shall be set to 23 °C, with an allowable deviation
of ±3 °C, and the immersion time shall be no less than 2 hours.
5.3 Driving mode selection
The driving mode shall be set according to the selection of C.2 driving mode in GB/T
18386.1-2021.
5.4 Vehicle load setting
5.4.1 Determination of driving resistance and simulation on chassis dynamometer:
Category-M1, Category-N1 , as well as Category-M2 with a maximum design total mass
not exceeding 3 500 kg, shall comply with the provisions of Appendix CC of GB
18352.6-2016; the chassis dynamometer settings of other types of vehicles shall comply
with the provisions of Appendix C of GB/T 27840-2021, where the additional mass of
city buses is 65% of the maximum design loading mass.
5.4.2 If the driving resistance curve is provided by the vehicle manufacturer, a test
report, a calculation report or other relevant information shall be provided and inspected
by a testing agency to ensure the reliability of the test results.
5.5 Test tolerance requirements
The schematic diagram of the reference curve, speed tolerance and time tolerance of
the test process is shown in Figure 1.
Other types of vehicles shall meet the requirements of 5.5.1 of GB/T 27840-2021. If
the maximum speed declared by the vehicle is lower than the maximum speed of the
China Heavy-duty commercial vehicle Test Cycle (CHTC), the test cycle shall be
corrected in accordance with the provisions of CA.5 in Appendix CA of GB 18352.6-
2016 for the part exceeding the maximum speed declared by the vehicle. At this time,
the driver is required to step on the accelerator pedal to the bottom, allowing the actual
vehicle speed to exceed the upper tolerance limit specified in 5.5.1 of GB/T 27840-
2021, but shall not exceed the lower tolerance limit.
6 Classification of test vehicles
The test vehicles are classified by Class A vehicles and Class B vehicles. Vehicles that
meet Formula (1) are Class A vehicles, and vehicles that do not meet Formula (1) are
Class B vehicles. For vehicles declared as Class A vehicles, carry out the test in
accordance with 7.1, and calculate the ratio α of the net energy change of the
rechargeable electrical energy storage system (REESS) of the vehicle under the total
test cycle to the energy of hydrogen consumed by the fuel cell electric vehicle according
to Formula (1).
Where:
ΔE – net energy change of REESS under the total test cycle, in kilojoule (kJ);
mTH – mass of hydrogen under the total test cycle, in grams (g);
ql – lower calorific value of hydrogen, 1.2×105 kJ/kg.
After the test, if the vehicle does not meet the requirements of Formula (1), the test is
invalid and the test shall not be repeated according to 7.1; instead, the test vehicle shall
be tested according to the method specified in 7.2. If the vehicle meets the requirements
of Formula (1), the vehicle manufacturer may conduct the test according to the method
specified in 7.1 or according to the method specified in 7.2. The vehicle manufacturer
can decide at its own discretion.
7 Test methods
7.1 Shortening method
7.1.1 Test procedure
Test the vehicle according to the following steps:
a) Adopt the method of supplying hydrogen outside the vehicle;
b) Before the test, adjust the SOC state of the vehicle REESS accord...
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Historical versions: GB/T 43252-2023
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GB/T 43252-2023: Test methods of energy consumption and range for fuel cell electric vehicles
GB/T 43252-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.120
CCS T 47
Test methods of energy consumption and range for fuel cell
electric vehicles
ISSUED ON: NOVEMBER 27, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: NOVEMBER 27, 2023
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Measurement parameter, unit, accuracy and resolution ... 5
5 Test conditions ... 5
5.1 Test vehicle conditions ... 5
5.2 Ambient temperature conditions and vehicle immersion requirements ... 6
5.3 Driving mode selection ... 6
5.4 Vehicle load setting ... 6
5.5 Test tolerance requirements ... 6
6 Classification of test vehicles ... 8
7 Test methods ... 8
7.1 Shortening method ... 8
7.2 Run-through method ... 10
Appendix A (Normative) Hydrogenation technical specifications ... 13
A.1 Hydrogenation before vehicle testing ... 13
A.2 Hydrogenation after vehicle testing ... 14
A.3 Measurement of internal pressure of hydrogen tank after vehicle test ... 14
Appendix B (Normative) Type-A vehicle data processing method ... 16
B.1 Energy change of REESS ... 16
B.2 Hydrogen consumption ... 16
B.3 Vehicle driving range ... 16
B.4 Data processing requirements ... 17
Appendix C (Normative) Type-B vehicle data processing method ... 18
C.1 Fuel cell vehicle power system structure diagram ... 18
C.2 Test data processing for externally rechargeable fuel cell electric vehicles ... 19
C.3 Test data processing for non-externally rechargeable fuel cell electric vehicles ... 21
C.4 Data processing requirements ... 23
Bibliography ... 24
Test methods of energy consumption and range for fuel cell
electric vehicles
1 Scope
This document describes the test method for measuring the energy consumption and
range for fuel cell electric vehicles on a chassis dynamometer.
This document applies to Category-M and Category-N fuel cell electric vehicles
(hereinafter referred to as “vehicles”) that use compressed gaseous hydrogen.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of
their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the
version corresponding to that date is applicable to this document; for undated references,
the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 8170, Rules of rounding off for numerical values and expression and judgment
of limiting values
GB 18352.6-2016, Limits and measurement methods for emissions from light-duty
vehicles (CHINA 6)
GB/T 18386.1-2021, Test methods for energy consumption and range of electric
vehicles - Part 1: Light-duty vehicles
GB/T 18386.2-2022, Test methods for energy consumption and range of electric
vehicles - Part 2: Heavy-duty commercial vehicles
GB/T 24548, Fuel cell electric vehicles - Terminology
GB/T 27840-2021, Fuel consumption test methods for heavy-duty commercial
vehicles
GB/T 37244, Fuel specification for proton exchange membrane fuel cell vehicles -
Hydrogen
GB/T 38146.1, China automotive test cycle - Part 1: Light-duty vehicles
GB/T 38146.2, China automotive test cycle - Part 2: Heavy-duty commercial
vehicles
-- Make the viscosity of the lubricating oil for mechanical moving parts and the tire
pressure comply with the regulations of the vehicle manufacturer;
-- Run-in the transmission system and tires according to the requirements of the vehicle
manufacturer's instructions, and drive at least 300 km using the fuel cell power
system installed on the test vehicle;
-- Except for the equipment necessary for testing and the daily operating parts of the
vehicle, turn off the lighting devices and auxiliary devices that use electricity on the
vehicle;
-- Make the fuel used in the vehicle complies with the provisions of GB/T 37244.
5.2 Ambient temperature conditions and vehicle immersion requirements
The laboratory temperature shall be set to 23 °C with an allowable deviation of ±5 °C.
The temperature in the immersion area shall be set to 23 °C, with an allowable deviation
of ±3 °C, and the immersion time shall be no less than 2 hours.
5.3 Driving mode selection
The driving mode shall be set according to the selection of C.2 driving mode in GB/T
18386.1-2021.
5.4 Vehicle load setting
5.4.1 Determination of driving resistance and simulation on chassis dynamometer:
Category-M1, Category-N1 , as well as Category-M2 with a maximum design total mass
not exceeding 3 500 kg, shall comply with the provisions of Appendix CC of GB
18352.6-2016; the chassis dynamometer settings of other types of vehicles shall comply
with the provisions of Appendix C of GB/T 27840-2021, where the additional mass of
city buses is 65% of the maximum design loading mass.
5.4.2 If the driving resistance curve is provided by the vehicle manufacturer, a test
report, a calculation report or other relevant information shall be provided and inspected
by a testing agency to ensure the reliability of the test results.
5.5 Test tolerance requirements
The schematic diagram of the reference curve, speed tolerance and time tolerance of
the test process is shown in Figure 1.
Other types of vehicles shall meet the requirements of 5.5.1 of GB/T 27840-2021. If
the maximum speed declared by the vehicle is lower than the maximum speed of the
China Heavy-duty commercial vehicle Test Cycle (CHTC), the test cycle shall be
corrected in accordance with the provisions of CA.5 in Appendix CA of GB 18352.6-
2016 for the part exceeding the maximum speed declared by the vehicle. At this time,
the driver is required to step on the accelerator pedal to the bottom, allowing the actual
vehicle speed to exceed the upper tolerance limit specified in 5.5.1 of GB/T 27840-
2021, but shall not exceed the lower tolerance limit.
6 Classification of test vehicles
The test vehicles are classified by Class A vehicles and Class B vehicles. Vehicles that
meet Formula (1) are Class A vehicles, and vehicles that do not meet Formula (1) are
Class B vehicles. For vehicles declared as Class A vehicles, carry out the test in
accordance with 7.1, and calculate the ratio α of the net energy change of the
rechargeable electrical energy storage system (REESS) of the vehicle under the total
test cycle to the energy of hydrogen consumed by the fuel cell electric vehicle according
to Formula (1).
Where:
ΔE – net energy change of REESS under the total test cycle, in kilojoule (kJ);
mTH – mass of hydrogen under the total test cycle, in grams (g);
ql – lower calorific value of hydrogen, 1.2×105 kJ/kg.
After the test, if the vehicle does not meet the requirements of Formula (1), the test is
invalid and the test shall not be repeated according to 7.1; instead, the test vehicle shall
be tested according to the method specified in 7.2. If the vehicle meets the requirements
of Formula (1), the vehicle manufacturer may conduct the test according to the method
specified in 7.1 or according to the method specified in 7.2. The vehicle manufacturer
can decide at its own discretion.
7 Test methods
7.1 Shortening method
7.1.1 Test procedure
Test the vehicle according to the following steps:
a) Adopt the method of supplying hydrogen outside the vehicle;
b) Before the test, adjust the SOC state of the vehicle REESS accord...
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