GB/T 19077-2016 English PDF (GBT19077-2016)

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GB/T 19077-2016: Particle size analysis -- Laser diffraction methods
GB/T 19077-2016
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 19.120
A 28
GB/T 19077-2016 / ISO 13320:2009
Replacing GB/T 19077.1-2008
Particles Size Analysis – Laser Diffraction Methods
(ISO 13320:2009, IDT)
ISSUED ON: FEBRUARY 24, 2016
IMPLEMENTED ON: JUNE 01, 2016
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative References ... 5
3 Terms, Definitions and Symbols ... 6
3.1 Terms and Definitions ... 6
3.2 Symbols ... 8
4 Principle ... 10
5 Laser Diffraction Instrument ... 11
6 Operational Procedures ... 15
6.1 Requirements ... 15
6.2 Sample inspection, preparation, dispersion and concentration ... 15
6.3 Measurement ... 18
6.4 Precision ... 21
6.5 Accuracy ... 21
6.6 Error sources and diagnosis ... 24
6.7 Resolution and sensitivity ... 27
7 Reporting of Results ... 27
Annex A (Informative) Theoretical Background of Laser Diffraction ... 30
Annex B (Informative) Recommendations for Instrument Specifications ... 50
Annex C (Informative) Dispersion Liquids for the Laser Diffraction Method ... 53
Annex D (Informative) Refractive Index, nm, for Various Liquids and Solids ... 54
Annex E (Informative) Recommendations to Reach Optimum Precision in Test
Methods ... 60
Bibliography ... 62
Foreword
This Standard was drafted as per the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard replaced GB/T 19077.1-2008 Particle Size Analysis - Laser Diffraction Methods
- Part 1: General Principles.
Compared with GB/T 19077.1-2008, the major changes of this Standard are as follows:
--- Corresponding to ISO 13320, combine the contents of Part 1 and Part 2 under this
Standard;
--- Add and modify some terms and symbols;
--- Add some test methods and procedures for accurate measurement;
--- Add part of the theoretical background of laser diffraction in Annex A;
--- Add Annex E;
--- Modify the partial refractive index of solid particles in Annex D.
This Standard uses translation method to equivalently adopt ISO 13320:2009 Particle Size
Analysis – Laser Diffraction Methods.
The Chinese documents that have a consistent correspondence with the international documents
normatively cited in this Standard are as follows:
--- GB/T 15445.1-2008 Representation of Results of Particle Size Analysis - Part 1:
Graphical Representation (ISO 9276-1:1998, IDT);
--- GB/T 15445.2-2006 Representation of Results of Particle Size Analysis - Part 2:
Calculation of Average Particle Size/Diameters and Moments from Particle Size
Distributions (ISO 9276-2:2001, IDT);
--- GB/T 15445.4-2006 Representation of Results of Particle Size Analysis - Part 4:
Characterization of a Classification Process (ISO 9276-4:2001, IDT);
--- GB/T 20099-2006 Sample Preparation - Dispersing Procedures for Powders in Liquids
(ISO 14887:2000, IDT).
This Standard was proposed by and under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee for
Standardization of Particle Characterization, Sorting and Screening (SAC/TC 168).
Drafting organizations of this Standard: Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing
Technology; University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; China Productivity Center
for Machinery; Dandong Bettersize Instruments Ltd.; Zhuhai OMEC Instruments Co., Ltd.; and
Particles Size Analysis – Laser Diffraction Methods
1 Scope
This Standard provides guidance on instrument qualification and size distribution measurement
of particles in many two-phase systems (e.g., powders, sprays, aerosols, suspensions, emulsions
and gas bubbles in liquids) through the analysis of their light-scattering properties. It does not
address the specific requirements of particle size measurement of specific materials.
This Standard is applicable to particle sizes ranging from approximately 0.1μm to 3 mm. With
special instrumentation and conditions, the applicable size range can be extended above 3 mm
and below 0.1μm.
For non-spherical particles, a size distribution is reported, where the predicted scattering pattern
for the volumetric sum of spherical particles matches the measured scattering pattern. This is
because the technique assumes a spherical particle shape in its optical model. The resulting
particle size distribution is different from that obtained by methods based on other physical
principles (e.g., sedimentation, sieving).
2 Normative References
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document; for the
undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is applicable to this
document.
ISO 9276-1 Representation of Results of Particle Size Analysis – Part 1: Graphical
Representation
ISO 9276-2 Representation of Results of Particle Size Analysis – Part 2: Calculation of
Average Particle Size/Diameters and Moments from Particle Size Distributions
ISO 9276-4 Representation of Results of Particle Size Analysis – Part 4: Characterization
of A Classification Process
ISO 14887 Sample Preparation – Dispersing Procedures for Powders in Liquids
ISO 14488 Particulate Materials – Sampling and Sample Splitting for the Determination of
Particulate Properties